Kamehameha III once proclaimed, He aupuni palapala kou, o ke kanaka pono o ia kou kanaka - "Mine is a literate nation, the just man is my man." The efforts to adapt the most significant communication technology of that era, the printing press, bore fruit that we continue to harvest today - approximately 250,000 pages of material that represent what may be the richest literary archive of any indigenous language in the world. Obituaries announced the passing of both nobility and commoners in print using the same traditions that had previously been expressed orally. Hundreds of ancient stories and chants appeared side-by-side with news items from Hawaii and around the world, as well as Hawaiian translations of classic English literature and popular novels of the time. Within a few decades of the first translation into Hawaiian of the Holy Bible, Hawaii boasted one of the most literate citizenries in the world. The arrival of the first printing press in Hawaii led to rapid transfer of Hawaii's rich oral tradition to paper. Since the arrival of Western man, the people of Hawaii have quickly adapted new technologies and found ways to make them distinctly Hawaiian. Both the course designer and its instructor share the lessons learned during the development and delivery of this pilot course that will be of interest to others teaching minority languages. In Fall 2002, the University of Hawaii at Hilo's Ka Haka Ula O Keelikōlani College of Hawaiian Language offered the first online Hawaiian Language course to 14 students from seven states. Ka Haka Ula O Keelikōlani College of Hawaiian LanguageĪn estimated 200,000 people of Hawaiian ancestry currently live outside of the state of Hawaii with little access to their native language and culture. Ke Ao Hookelekaaike: Hawaiian Language Instruction On The Internet : village (or district), island, county, Hawaii, USA.Įdit: added tag place_names - left naming_conventions, even though that tag is for people names, not place names.(This paper was initially presented at the DigitalStream 2003 Conference held at California State University at Monterey Bay, and is published in the conference proceedings) It is available in English only at this time.
Hawaii Territory was the term used by the US Government, notably on the census.ġ905: village (or district), island, county, Territory of Hawai'i, USA. Territory of Hawai'i is the preferred usage and the name used by the islanders. : village (or district), island, Territory of Hawai'i, USA. : village (or district), island, Republic of Hawaii. : village (or district), island, Provisional Government of Hawaii. The kingdom was a bit nebulous with ongoing warfare and many smaller islands annexed much later. Granted this information is typically only known for nobles.ġ795: village (or district), island, Kingdom of Hawai'i. Pre-1795: land of your local ali'i (hereditary noble) who in turned served an ali'i nui (ruler of an island). Hawaiian vowels can be long or short as well for more unicode fun.įor any Hawaiian location other than the state name, use 'okinas (or apostrophe) where called for Ni'ihau, O'ahu, Hawai'i (county, island, territory, nation), Moloka'i, etc.
Prior to statehood, the 'okina should be used retroactively as the pronunciations remained the same despite limitations in the original written language created by non-native, 19th century missionaries. For ease of use, they are typically represented by the standard apostrophe, however.
Throwing out some thoughts and suggestions for discussion on how to handle Hawaiian locations and the use of 'okinas.īy legal definition upon annexation, the state name is Hawaii, with no 'okina, 'Okinas are backwards curved apostrophes and are considered letters in the written Hawaiian language, representing a glottal stop, not punctuation marks.